Pharmacological Investigation of In-vitro Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Thrombolytic, Cytotoxic and In vivo Analgesic Activities of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Diospyros malabarica

Aims: This study was designed to investigate the effects of leaf extracts of Diospyros malabarica plant (EEDML) on a number of in vitro activities, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and thrombolytic activities, as well as in vivo analgesic activities.

Place and Duration of Study: The Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology at the Department of Pharmacy and the Laboratory of Microbiology at Stamford University Bangladesh and the Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, conducted this investigation from January 2022 to June 2023.

Methodology: The study employed the Egg Albumin Protein Denaturation Assay to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of various doses. The Disk Diffusion Method was employed for conducting an antimicrobial assay. Different tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of thrombolytic and cytotoxic substances. These tests included the Clot Lysis assay and the Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay. In-vivo analgesic testing was conducted using the hot plate method and the acetic acid-induced writhing test.

Results: The experimental tests showed significant pain-relieving effects, with inhibition percentages of 46.2% and 66.61% observed at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The anti-inflammatory test showed a significant inhibition of EEDML at a concentration of 1000μg/mL, with an inhibition rate of 85.45%. The antimicrobial test showed a moderate antimicrobial effect, with a zone of inhibition ranging from 07-15, depending on the microorganism and dosage. The thrombolytic test showed a clot lysis rate of 85.37%, while the cytotoxic test indicated an LC50 value of 1.47.

Conclusion: EEDML's phytochemical displays strong pharmacological properties, suggesting its potential for drug discovery in diverse areas.