Identification of New Four Races of Barley Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) for the First Time in Egypt

Four pathogenic races belonging to Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks and Henn, were genetically identified in Egypt for the first time on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), using the molecular biology method, using specific ITS primers (PCR) and Fingerprinting using (RAPD) markers, these races were recorded, during the present study, in the gene bank under accession numbers MW 931757, 931758, 931759 and 931760. Also, five Egyptian barley varieties, i.e. Giza 123, Giza 124, Giza 125, Giza 126 and Giza 2000 were evaluated for their resistance to stem rust and some vegetative traits under field conditions in Sids, Giza, Nubariya and Sakha agricultural research stations during growing season 2020/2021. All tested barely cultivars were resistant to the pathogen races. Cultivar Giza 125 exhibited an earliness for heading and maturity, while cv. 2000 exhibited the highest values for spike length, grain numbers/spike, 1000 grain weight, biological and grain yield.