Prevalence and Viability of Hydatid Cysts in Bovine Slaughtered in Selected Abattoirs within Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria

Aim: The study is aimed at determining the prevalence, cyst characteristics and viability of echinococcosis (hydatidosis) in cattle slaughtered at selected abattoir in Kaduna Metropolis.

Methodology: This was a cross sectional study carried out at Tudun-wada abattoir, Kakuri (Makera) abattoir, Kawo abattoir and Sabon–Tasha abattoir, all within Kaduna metropolis, from January to July, 2019.

Results: Out of the 160 cattle examined (40 from each abattoir), 21 (12.2 %) were found to harbor visible hydatid cysts. Significantly higher infection (p < 0.05) was detected in cattle with poor body conditions than animals with moderate and fat body condition score. No significant variation was observed with regards to sex of animals. Animals used were all adults. Cysts were found to be distributed in the lung, liver, kidney, spleen and heart as follows: 42.9%, 38.0%, 4.76%, 9.50% and 4.76% respectively. Out of 36 hydatid cysts examined, 17 (47.22%), 14 (38.88%) and 5 (13.88%) were found to be small, medium and large- sized respectively. Likewise, out of 36 cysts assessed, 18 (50%) were fertile, 4 (11.11%) sterile and 14 (38.8%) were calcified. Of the 18 fertile cysts subjected for viability test, 12 (27.7%) were viable while, 8(22.2%) were non-viable.

Conclusion: Despite the moderate magnitude of infection detected currently, there seems to be an existing socioeconomic situation favorable for hydatidosis and hence it remains one of the most important diseases warranting serious medical and veterinary attention.