Endoscopic Neurosurgery in the 21st Century: A Comprehensive Review of Challenges and Prospects

Endoscopic neurosurgery has emerged as a transformative paradigm in the field of neurosurgery. This comprehensive review article explores the evolution, current applications, advantages, challenges, and future prospects of endoscopic neurosurgery. Advantages of endoscopic neurosurgery are manifold. Its minimally invasive nature mitigates surgical trauma, reducing postoperative morbidity and hospitalisation times. Enhanced visualisation facilitates precise lesion targeting and minimises collateral damage. These factors culminate in expedited patient recovery and improved quality of life. However, endoscopic neurosurgery is not without its challenges. Surgeons must navigate a learning curve to master these techniques, and the acquisition of specialised equipment can be cost-prohibitive. Additionally, the application of endoscopy in complex and high-risk cases remains a subject of ongoing research. The future of endoscopic neurosurgery is illuminated by the promise of emerging technologies. Robotics and augmented reality are on the horizon, poised to expand the horizons of endoscopic procedures and further improve patient outcomes. Comprehensive training and education programs will play a pivotal role in equipping neurosurgeons with the skills required to navigate this evolving landscape effectively. In conclusion, endoscopic neurosurgery represents a dynamic shift in the neurosurgical paradigm. Despite challenges, its ongoing evolution and the advent of transformative technologies foreshadow a future where minimally invasive approaches will continue to redefine the boundaries of neurosurgical care, ensuring safer and more effective treatments for an array of complex neurological conditions.