Enhanced Model Based Algorithm to Reinforce PV System with Optimized Tracking Capability

To achieve a reliable and efficient system operation, this study presents an optimized algorithm which enhances the model-based (MB) tracking capability so as to overcome major deficiencies as discussed below. Photovoltaic (PV) power has become the most attractive choice among various renewable resources. However, one major challenge associated with PV interfacing is its intermittent output characteristic which varies dramatically with the operating conditions. Thus, designing an effective maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is a key aspect for optimizing PV system performance. Numerous MPPT algorithms have been proposed earlier having their own specific advantages. However, these are found to have two major limitations which have to be essentially addressed. Firstly, they become ineffective in the dynamic conditions where there is rapid change in environmental parameters like insolation and temperature. Secondly, they fail to discriminate between global and local peaks under partial shading conditions. Effectiveness of proposed tracking algorithm is tested by obtaining PV power characteristics under dynamic conditions where different parameters are varied alternately. On the basis of modified governing equations and incorporating the precised estimation of parameters, it predetermines the MPP analytically. First simulated results are obtained where it is tested for dynamic variations of all the three parameters. Then the experimental validation is carried out on a 2 KW installed panel where real time data is recorded through CR1000 data logger and environmental parameters are sensed with elements like pyranometer, humidity sensor, etc. Numerous experimental results are analyzed for tracked MPP in the dynamic conditions, which are then summarized in tabular forms. These are finally plotted and compared with simulated results to illustrate the effectiveness of proposed MB algorithm. Thus, it has been verified that MB algorithm is very efficient and effective for tracking not only in dynamically varying insolation or temperature but additionally it is equally capable for typical shaded panels also.