Sustainable Energy Conversion: Integrating Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Landfill Gas Reforming for Efficient Power Generation

This chapter demonstrates the potential of integrating high-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) with landfill-based gas reforming processes. These SOFC systems can be configured in series or coupled with catalytic reformers and membrane reformers, effectively converting landfill gas, enriched with methane (CH4), into a mixture of H2, CO, and CO2. This transformed fuel-gas product is well-suited for continuous operation of the SOFC unit. The reformers under investigation have been rigorously examined using computational models, which account for the intricate interplay of reactions and hydrogen separation within permeable reformers. Mathematical models were employed to simulate essential operating conditions within the permeable reformers, revealing the superior performance of the experimental membrane reformer in terms of yield across various operational scenarios. Significantly, this approach offers the potential for distributed power generation within broader power grids, catering to the energy requirements of both municipal and remote areas. Fuel cell power generation is intricately linked to reformer conversion efficiency and the optimal utilization of syngas by the fuel cell. Furthermore, the heat generated during the conversion of syngas into electricity can be effectively harnessed through fuel cell operation, particularly with high-efficiency SOFCs. Continuous operation of fuel cells, such as SOFCs, fueled by landfill gas not only minimizes pollution but also enhances power density while reducing waste heat when compared to conventional power systems. This transformative approach represents a promising avenue for sustainable and efficient energy production.