Cytogenetic Abnormalities Found in Patients with Infertility and Recurrent Spontaneous Abortions

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and types of chromosomal aberration in infertile couples. First-trimester pregnancy loss, as well as infertility, is a prevalent issue among many couples, and the main reason they investigate is their chromosomes in that case. Two hundred and sixty-six couples came to the Center for Genetics of Medical Faculty-University of Sarajevo for chromosomal cytogenetic analysis due to infertility or a more significant number of spontaneous abortions. A karyotype has been made to each couple, using GTG technique from cultures of lymphocytes from peripheral blood. The overall incidence of chromosomal abnormalities was 15 out of 266 couples (9%). They were divided by primary diagnose as couples with recurrent spontaneous abortions 107 and infertility couples 159. The first group has found chromosomal changes in four males and one female, whereas, in the second group, it has found chromosomal changes at seven females and three males. Structural and numerical chromosomal changes did not differ from relevant updated references from other countries and were the leading cause for infertility and recurrent spontaneous abortions. This study illustrates the incidence and distribution of chromosomal abnormalities among couples with recurrent miscarriage and infertility. Genetic testing and counseling are essential for couples with an abnormal karyotype before deciding about further reproductive options.