Lipid Profile among Art Treated and Untreated Patients in HIV Positive Cases: A Comparative Study

This chapter aims to find out the lipid profile pattern in treated HIV patients after shorter period of time with ART (First line of treatment i.e. zidovudine, lamuvudine and Nevirapine) and comparing them against HIV infected untreated individuals and controls within our locality. HIV Seropositive patients on HAART or untreated have dyslipidaemia. In untreated HIV infection, the majority of the ATP is used in the reverse transcription process to achieve host cell morphism. The dyslipidaemia in ART untreated or in ART treated HIV infected individuals is an important factor in cardiovascular disease risk factors in HIV infected individuals. Subject field of HIV Seropositive cases (n=84) and age and sex matched healthy non-HIV cases as controls (n=47). Comparison between the HIV infected (n=42), HIV infected ART treated (n=42) and controls were significant (p 0.000) for fasting cholesterol, triacylglycerols (p 0.000) and HDLc (p 0.000) and LDLc (p 0.000). When TAG compared controls to HIV-infected ART-untreated individuals, the differences were negligible. Statistical significance in between sexes within untreated patients' lipid profile in HDLc (35 ± 3.8 against 37.4 ± 3.5) and LDLc (48.0 ± 8.3 against 38.0 ± 7.2). ART treated or untreated in HIV Seropositive subjects showed altered lipid profile when compared to apparently healthy controls in our report. HIV-positive individuals should be routinely checked for lipid abnormalities whether they are receiving ART or not, and a careful anti-retroviral treatment plan should be prescribed. This will unquestionably aid in the future management of dyslipidemia in HIV seropositive patients.