Antibiogram Pattern Development of Pyogenic Bacteria and the Evaluation of their Multi-drug Resistance

Purpose: Different studies show consistent predictable bacterial profiles in wound infections, antibiotic resistance and capacity to adapt to a changing environment, which render the pathogens a matter of concern in hospital acquired infections. Therefore, periodical monitoring of bacterial profile and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern is essential. The objective of this study is to determine the commonly encountered pathogens in pus samples along with their antibiotic susceptibility patterns.

Methodology: Pus samples received for diagnostic microbiology were processed and identified by standard protocols at the research lab of SZABIST Biosciences Department. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion method. MS Excel has been used for data compiling and analysis. Standard Deviation has been applied for the results analysis.

Results: Among the isolated organisms from pus specimens, Staphylococcus aureus (50%) was the most common followed by Escherichia coli (25%), Klebsiella pneumonia (9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8%), Proteus species (5%) and Acinetobacter species (3%). Quinolones (76.4%), Cephalosporins (66.4%) and Aminoglycosides (41.6%) were found to be the most effective antimicrobials in vitro, whereas Amoxicillin (17.4%), Minocycline (14.6%) and Trimethoprim-sulphamethaxazole (3%) were least effective. The resistance of organisms to antibiotics is increasing steadily as they are becoming more resistant to newer antibiotics, such as quinolones.

Conclusion: Doctors and nurses need to spread awareness of antibiotic resistance, and it is their duty to keep themselves updated with the latest antibiograms of commonly encountered pathogens, so that appropriate antibiotics may be provided for the treatment of infections.