Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Reaction to New Bifunctional Carbamate Compounds

Extreme environmental conditions increase the risk of abiotic stresses in plants, which reduce productivity of land. The investigation and developmentof synthetic approach to new antistress compounds, increasing the resistance of plants to negative factors, are relevant to the present. The objective of this study was to synthesize and to test the effect of a series of new carbamate and oxamate plant growth regulators on early vegetation processes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Three independent series of experiments were conducted using lipophilic compounds N-(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)-N’-i-propoxycarbonylaminoethylurea (1) and O-Isopropyl-N-[2-(4-methylphenylaminocarbonyloxy)etyl]oxamate (2) and water-soluble compounds O-i-Propyl-N-(2-hydroxyethylamino)carbamate (3) and O-i-Propyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)oxamate (4). Strong stimulating effect on shoots and roots growth in the wheat was found for all studied compounds in all experiments. The highest germination rate (89.6-96.3%) was registered for compound 4. The use of the studied substances 1, 3 and 4 in all cases leads to significant increase in the Seedling Vigor Index (SVI). The high energy index of compounds 3 and 4 can lead to increased photosynthesis and, as a result, to an increase in crop yield. Based on the data obtained on the values of relative water content (RWC) indicators and their components, it can be assumed that all plants after treatment with substances 1-4 are able to tolerate unfavorable weather phenomena. Experimental results show that the percentage of plant recovery after resuming watering was 84-100%. Thus, the data obtained indicate that the synthesized compounds exhibit antistress and growth regulatory activity.